明法尊者:《法句经》注 1、双品
明法尊者:《法句经》注 1、双品
1. Manopubbavgama dhamma, manosettha manomaya;
Manasa ce padutthena, bhasati va karoti va.
Tato nam dukkhamanveti, cakkamva vahato padam.
[Mano意][pubbavgama先导(阳複主格, a.)] [dhamma法(阳複主格)],[mano意][settha最胜(阳複主格, a.)] [manomaya从意做成(阳複主格, a.)];
[manasa意(中单具格)] [ce若] [padutthena彻底为难(中单具格, pp.)], [bhasati说(单3现)] [va或] [karoti作(单3现)] va.
[Tato从那边] [nam他(阳单业格)] [dukkham苦(中单主格)] [anveti随...去(单3现)], [cakkam轮(中单主格)] [va如] [vahato载运(阳单属格, ppr.)] [padam足(中单业格)].
1 诸法意先导,意主.意造作 。
若以染污意,或语.或行业,
是则苦随彼,如轮随兽足 。(cf.《本事经》大正4.663c)
2. Manopubbavgama dhamma, manosettha manomaya;
manasa ce pasannena, bhasati va karoti va.
Tato nam sukham anveti, chaya va anapayini. (cp. Dh1;《本事经》大正4.664a)
[Mano意][pubbavgama先导(阳複主格, a.)] [dhamma法(阳複主格)],[mano意][settha最胜(阳複主格, a.)] [manomaya从意做成(阳複主格, a.)];
[manasa意(中单具格)] [ce若] [pasannena明淨(中单具格, pp.)],[bhasati说(单3现)] [va或] [karoti作(单3现)] va.
[Tato从那边] [nam他(阳单业格)] [sukham乐(中单主格)] [anveti随...去(单3现)],[chaya影(阴单主格)] [va如] [anapayini不离去(阴单主格, a.)]
2 诸法意先导,意主.意造作。
若以清淨意,或语.或行业,
是则乐随彼,如影不离形。
3~4
3. Akkocchi mam avadhi mam, ajini mam ahasi me;
ye ca tam upanayhanti, veram tesam na sammati. (cf. M iii154)
[Akkocchi骂(单3过)] [mam我(业格)] [avadhi打杀(单3过)] mam, [ajini胜过(单3过)] [mam我(业格)] [ahasi窃夺(单3过)] [me我(与格)];
[ye凡是(阳複主格, rp.)] [ca但是] [tam他(阳单业格)] [upanayhanti怨恨(複3现)], [veram怨(中单主格)] [tesam他们(阳複属格)] [na不] [sammati被平息(单3现)].
3 「彼骂我.打我,败我.劫夺我」,若人怀此念,怨恨不能息。
4. Akkocchi mam avadhi mam, ajini mam ahasi me;
ye ca tam nupanayhanti, veram tesupasammati. (cp. Dh3) (cf. M iii154)
4 「彼骂我.打我,败我.劫夺我」,若人捨此念,怨恨自平息。
[Akkocchi骂(单3过)] [mam我(业格)] [avadhi打杀(单3过)] mam,[ajini胜过(单3过)] mam [ahasi窃夺(单3过)] [me我(与格)];
[ye凡是(阳複主格, rp.)] [ca但是] [tam他(阳单业格)] [n不(=na)] [upanayhanti怨恨(複3现)],
[veram怨(中单主格)] [tes他们(阳複处格, =tesu)][upasammati被全部平息(单3现)].
5. Na hi verena verani, sammant’idha kudacanam,
averena ca sammanti; esa dhammo sanantano. (cf. M iii154)
[Na不] [hi确实] [verena怨(中单具格)] [verani怨(中複主格)], [sammant’被平息(複3现)][idha在这裡] [kudacanam在任何时候],
[averena无怨(中单具格)] [ca但是] [sammanti被平息(複3现)]; [esa这(阳单主格)] [dhammo法(阳单主格)] [sanantano永久不变(阳单主格, a.)].
5 于此世界中,从非怨止怨,唯以忍止怨;此古圣常法。
6. Pare ca na vijananti mayam ettha yamamase;
ye ca tattha vijananti, tato sammanti medhaga. (cf. M iii154)
[Pare其他诸人 (阳複主格)] [ca但是] [na不] [vijananti扩大知(複3现)], [mayam我们(複主格)] [ettha在此处] [yamamase止息(複1imp.)];
[ye凡是(阳複主格, rp.)] [ca但是] [tattha在那边] vijananti, [tato从那边] [sammanti被平息(複3现)] [medhaga争执(阳複主格)].
6 彼人 不了悟:「我等将毁灭」 。若彼等知此,则诤论自息。
7. Subhanupassim viharantam, indriyesu asamvutam;
bhojanamhi camattabbum, kusitam hinaviriyam,
tam ve pasahati Maro, vato rukkham va dubbalam.
[Subh美妙][anupassim随看(阳单业格, a.)] [viharantam住(阳单业格, ppr.)],[indriyesu根(中複处格)] [asamvutam未完全围(阳单业格, pp.)];
[bhojanamhi食物(中单处格)] [c及][amattabbum不知适量(阳单业格, a.)],
[kusitam懈怠(阳单业格, a.)] [hinaviriyam英雄本色已被捨弃(阳单业格, a.)],
[tam他(阳单业格)] [ve确实] [pasahati彻底克服(单3现)] [Maro魔罗(阳单主格)],
[vato风(阳单主格)] [rukkham树(阳单业格)] [va如] [dubbalam弱力(阳单业格, a.)].
7 唯求住淨乐 ,不摄护诸根 ,饮食不知量 ,懈惰.不精进,彼实为魔 伏,如风吹弱树 。
8. Asubhanupassim viharantam, indriyesu susamvutam;
bhojanamhi ca mattabbum, saddham araddhaviriyam.
Tam ve nappasahati Maro, vato selam va pabbatam.
[Asubh不美妙][anupassim随看(阳单业格, a.)] [viharantam住(阳单业格, ppr.)],
[indriyesu根(中複处格)] [susamvutam善完全围(阳单业格, pp.)];
[bhojanamhi食物(中单处格)] [ca及] [mattabbum知适量(阳单业格, a.)],
[saddham信(阳单业格, a.)] [araddhaviriyam英雄本色已被确立(阳单业格, a.)].
[Tam他(阳单业格)] [ve确实] [na不]p[pasahati彻底克服(单3现)] [Maro魔罗(阳单主格)],
[vato风(阳单主格)] [selam岩(阳单业格, a.)] [va如] [pabbatam山(阳单业格)].
8 愿求非乐 住,善摄护诸根,饮食知节量,具信 又精进,魔 不能胜彼,如风吹石山。
9. Anikkasavo kasavam, yo vattham paridahissati;
apeto damasaccena, na so kasavam arahati.
[Anikkasavo不无浊秽(阳单主格, a.)] [kasavam袈裟(中单业格, a.)],
[yo凡是(阳单主格, rp.)] [vattham衣服(中单业格)] [paridahissati穿(单3未)];
[apeto离去(阳单主格, pp.)] [dama调伏][saccena真谛(中单具格)],
[na不] [so他(阳单主格)] kasavam [arahati值得领受(单3现)].
9 若人穿袈裟,不离诸垢秽,无诚实克己,不应着袈裟。
10. Yo ca vantakasav’assa, silesu susamahito;
upeto damasaccena, sa ve kasavam arahati.
[Yo凡是(阳单主格, rp.)] [ca但是] [vanta吐出(pp.)][kasav’浊秽(阳单主格)] [assa是(单3opt.)],
[silesu戒(中複处格)] [susamahito善定(阳单主格, pp.)];
[upeto经历(阳单主格, pp.)] [dama调伏][saccena真谛(中单具格)],
[sa他(阳单主格)] [ve确实] [kasavam袈裟(中单业格, a.)] [arahati值得领受(单3现)].
10 若人离诸垢 ,能善持戒律 ,克己与诚实,彼应着袈裟。
11~12
11. Asare saramatino, sare casaradassino,
te saram nadhigacchanti, micchasavkappagocara.
[Asare非核心(中单处格)] [sara核心][matino思量(阳複主格, a.)],
[sare核心(阳单处格)] [c并且][asara非核心][dassino视为(阳複主格, a.)],
[te他们(阳複主格)] [saram核心(阳单业格)] [n不][adhigacchanti获得(複3现)],
[miccha邪][savkappa思惟][gocara住于(阳複主格, a.)].
11 非真思真实 ,真实见非真,邪思惟境界,彼不达真实。
12. Sarabca sarato batva, asarabca asarato;
te saram adhigacchanti, sammasavkappagocara.
[Sarab核心(阳单业格)] [ca但是] [sarato核心(阳单从格)] [batva知(ger.)],
[asarab非核心(中单业格)] [ca并且] [asarato非核心(中单从格)];
[te他们(阳複主格)] [saram核心(阳单业格)] [adhigacchanti获得(複3现)],
[sammasavkappa正思惟][gocara住于(阳複主格, a.)].
12 真实思真实,非真知非真,正思惟境界,彼能达真实。
13~14
13 Yatha agaram ducchannam, vutthi samativijjhati;
evam abhavitam cittam, rago samativijjhati.(cp.《增壹阿含18.7经》)
[Yatha像(adv.)] [agaram屋(中单业格)] [ducchannam恶覆盖(中单业格, pp.)], [vutthi雨(阴单主格)] [samativijjhati完全贯穿越过(单3现)];
[evam如是] [abhavitam未修习(中单业格, pp.)] [cittam心(中单业格)], [rago染(阳单主格)] samativijjhati.
13 如盖屋不密,必为雨漏浸,如是不修心,贪欲必漏入。
14 Yatha agaram succhannam, vutthi na samativijjhati;
evam subhavitam cittam, rago na samativijjhati. (cp. Dh13;cp.《增壹阿含18.7经》)
[Yatha像(adv.)] [agaram屋(中单业格)] [succhannam善覆盖(中单业格, pp.)],[vutthi雨(阴单主格)] [na不] [samativijjhati完全贯穿越过(单3现)];
[evam如是] [subhavitam善修习(中单业格, pp.)] [cittam心(中单业格)], [rago染(阳单主格)] na samativijjhati. (cp. Dh13)
14 如善密盖屋,不为雨漏浸,如是善修心,贪欲不漏入。
15 Idha socati pecca socati, papakari ubhayattha socati;
so socati so vihabbati, disva kammakilittham attano.
[Idha在这裡] [socati悲伤(单3现)] [pecca死去(ger.)] socati, [papakari作恶者(阳单主格)] [ubhayattha在两处(adv.)] socati;
[so他(阳单主格)] socati so [vihabbati被扩大损坏(单3现)],[disva见(ger.)] [kamma业][kilittham污染(中单业格, pp.)] [attano自我(阳单属格)].
15 现世此处悲,死后他处悲,作诸恶业者,两处俱忧悲,
见自恶业已,他悲.他苦恼。
16 Idha modati pecca modati, katapubbo ubhayattha modati;
so modati so pamodati, disva kammavisuddhim attano. (cp. Dh15)
[Idha在这裡] [modati欣喜(单3现)] [pecca死去(ger.)] modati,
[katapubbo作福(阳单主格, pp.)] [ubhayattha在两处(adv.)] modati;
[so他(阳单主格)] modati so [pamodati彻底欣喜(单3现)],
[disva见(ger.)] [kamma业][visuddhim清淨(阴单业格)] [attano自我(阳单属格)]. (cp. Dh15)
16 现世此处乐,死后他处乐,作诸善业者,两处俱受乐,见自善业已,他乐.他极乐。
17 Idha tappati pecca tappati, papakari ubhayattha tappati;
“papam me katan” ti tappati, bhiyyo tappati duggatim gato.
[Idha在这裡] [tappati被灼热(单3现)] [pecca死去(ger.)] tappati,
[papakari作恶者(阳单主格)] [ubhayattha在两处(adv.)] tappati;
“[papam恶(中单主格)] [me我(具格)] [katan作(中单主格, pp.)]” [ti这样(结尾语)] tappati,
[bhiyyo更多(adv.)] tappati [duggatim恶去处(阴单业格)] [gato去到(阳单主格, pp.)].
17 现世此处苦,死后他处苦,作诸恶业者,两处俱受苦,现悲「我作恶」,堕恶趣更苦。
18 Idha nandati pecca nandati, katapubbo ubhayattha nandati;
“pubbam me katan” ti nandati, bhiyyo nandati suggatim gato. (cp. Dh17)
[Idha在这裡] [nandati欢喜(单3现)] [pecca死去(ger.)] nandati,
[katapubbo作福(阳单主格, pp.)] [ubhayattha在两处(adv.)] nandati;
“[pubbam福(中单主格)] [me我(具格)] [katan作(中单主格, pp.)]” [ti这样(结尾语)] nandati,
[bhiyyo更多(adv.)] nandati [suggatim善去处(阴单业格)] [gato去到(阳单主格, pp.)]
18 现世此处喜,死后他处喜,修诸福业者,两处俱欢喜,现喜「我修福」,生善趣更喜。
19~20
19 Bahum pi ce sahitam bhasamano, na takkaro hoti naro pamatto,
gopo va gavo ganayam paresam, na bhagava samabbassa hoti.
[Bahum众多(单业格, a.)] [pi即使...亦] [ce若] [sahitam藏(ㄗㄤˋ)经(单业格)] [bhasamano说(阳单主格, ppr.)],
[na不] [takkaro作他者(阳单主格)] [hoti变成(单3现)] [naro人(阳单主格)] [pamatto放逸(阳单主格, pp.)],
[gopo牧牛者(阳单主格)] [va如] [gavo牛(阳複业格)] [ganayam计数(阳单主格, ppr.)] [paresam其他诸人(阳複属格)],
na [bhagava有部分(阳单主格, a.)] [samabbassa沙门本色(中单属格)] hoti.
19 虽多诵经集 ,放逸而不行,如牧数他牛,自无沙门分。
20 Appam pi ce sahitam bhasamano, dhammassa hoti anudhammacari,
ragabca dosabca pahaya moham, sammappajano suvimuttacitto.
Anupadiyano idha va huram va, sa bhagava samabbassa hoti. (cp. Dh19)
[Appam少量(单业格, a.)] [pi即使] [ce若] [sahitam藏(ㄗㄤˋ)经(单业格)] [bhasamano说(阳单主格, ppr.)],
[dhammassa法(阳单与格)] [hoti变成(单3现)] [anudhammacari行于随法(阳单主格, a.)],
[ragab染(阳单业格)] [ca及] [dosab为难(阳单业格)] ca [pahaya彻底捨弃(ger.)] [moham痴(阳单业格)],
[sammappajano正确彻底知(阳单主格, a.)] {[suvimuttacitto心已被善释放开(阳单主格, a.)]}.
[Anupadiyano未取(阳单主格, ppr.)] [idha在这裡] [va或] [huram在其它处(adv.)] va
[sa他(阳单主格)] [bhagava有部分(阳单主格, a.)] [samabbassa沙门本色(中单属格)] hoti. (cp. Dh19)
20 虽诵经典少,能依教实行,具足正知识,除灭贪.瞋.痴,
善淨解脱心,弃捨于世欲,此界.或他界,彼得沙门分 。
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