宣化老和尚开示(中英文双语)：上人戒期开示

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宣化老和尚开示(中英文双语)：上人戒期开示

　　上人戒期开示

　　Venerable Master's Talk during the Precept Ordination

　　一九九二年六月十九日 June 19, 1992

　　国际译经学院记录 Translated by the International Translation Institute

　　这一年是很紧急的一年，我们所有的出家人天天都很没有时间休息的，新戒和老戒，都要勇猛精进；新戒和没受戒的人，必须要把五十三小咒都熟读能背得出。出家人不受具足戒，就等于在家人一样的。所以在今年想要出家的，一定要受具足戒，这才是真正佛的弟子。

　　今年谁愿意受戒的沙弥、沙弥尼，都可以在今年受戒，从今年以后，就不能这么样方便了，为什么呢？因为要出家，必须要受过三年的磨练，然后才落发，落发后再经过两年的礼佛、拜忏、诵经，才可以受具足戒，这一次是特别方便中的方便，就给没受戒的先受戒。

　　佛教里头是讲平等的，不是讲阶级的观念。受戒后，对沙弥，沙弥尼就摆起一个比丘、比丘尼的架子，这是完全大错而特错的。以前有一些沙弥到这儿来都要做苦工，比丘就摆架子，支配沙弥做这做那，不可以这样子；比丘尼亦复如是。也不可以以为自己受了比丘尼戒，就高过一切；高过一切的，是你的行为要高过一切，是你的思想要高过一切。

　　你要躬行实践，要以身作则，要给旁人做一个榜样。譬如你自己没有做，尽叫沙弥(尼)去做苦工。你叫沙弥(尼)吃不好的饭，自己就吃好的，这都不是修道的人所应该有的行为。不用口头上来给人下命令，比丘尼亦复如是。你要是令没受戒的人退失菩提心，这你造无量的罪啊！你虽然是出家人，你没能做人的一个真正的好榜样，这你对不起父母，对不起师长，对不起佛，对不起菩萨，你也对不起道场。你受了具足戒之后，要吃人所不能吃的，受人所不能受的，忍人所不能忍的，让人所不能让的，不是说别人都要听我的招呼。这样子，会令没发菩提心的人，不发菩提心；已发菩提心的人，退失菩提心。那你修什么行门，也不能成就的；将来还要堕地狱，去受无量劫的苦。所以，你不要以为受了具足戒就了不起了，要做一个祖师爷的样子，这完全是大错特错的。

　　一般人都说万佛城里是一些修道的人，若你在道场里边还是妒忌障碍，满揣着一肚子鬼胎，这样简直是混吃等死，无所事事。

　　所以从现在开始，我们在万佛城的人，大家天天要问问自己到这儿来是干什么的。要把自己的立场、身分弄清楚，不是随梆唱影，人家干什么我也干什么，躲懒偷安，或假装病。真有病可以的，谁有病，都免不了要告假。要没有病装病，这是佛教败类的行为，自己要尊重自己。如果常住没事时，可以稍为自由一点，但也不能睡大觉，或装模作样打坐。打坐是懒的一个别名，人家做什么事都不去做，坐在那地方装老修行；真正修道的人，不需要给人家看一个样子，你给人看个样子干什么？你又不是替人修行。你说修行要打坐，但在万佛城，人家没打坐，你也不要打坐，人家做什么，你就要做什么，要随众。不能出众，你不能做一个特别的样子。

　　我们万佛城打禅七，人家来看，都不是打禅七，是在打睡七，睡魔还没赶跑呢！打七的期间，时时都要提起精神，端然正坐，不能把头低下，或者睡觉；若睡觉，一定被打香板的。所以打七不是这么随随便便，愿意干什么就干什么，谁也不可以睡觉，要打起精神来，赶跑睡魔。

　　This year has been full of crises. All the left-home people have been very busy everyday with no time to rest. Both the new and the old preceptees must cultivate with courage and vigor. The new preceptees and those who wish to receive the precepts should memorize the fifty-three small mantras and be able to recite them. A left-home person who has not received the complete precepts is equivalent to a layperson. For those who wish to leave home this year, they will have to take the complete precepts before they can be considered true disciples of the Buddha.

　　Shramaneras and Shramanerikas who wish to receive precepts this year may do so. But after this year, it will not be so convenient. In the future, those who want to leave home will be required to undergo three years of training before being allowed to shave their heads. Then they must go through two years of bowing, repentance and reciting sutras before they can receive the complete precepts. This Ordination platform is a special expedient for those of you who haven't taken precepts yet. We talk about equality in Buddhism. There's no concept of class distinction as a left-home person. So, it is a grave mistake to be haughty and arrogant to the Shramaneras and Shramanerikas in your role as a Bhikshu or Bhikshuni.

　　In the past, some Shramaneras were made to do hard work when they came here, and the Bhikshus started to order them around. This is not permissible. Similarly, the Bhikshunis cannot think that because they have received the Bhikshuni precepts, they are higher than anyone else. What do you mean by the word "high"? Is it that your attitude is high, or that your thinking is "high"? You yourself should honestly practice, and be a model for others. For example, suppose you're always telling the Shramaneras to do hard work, but you never do any. You tell the Shramaneras to eat the bad food, while you eat the good food. This is not the conduct of a cultivator. You should not order people around. Bhikshunis, if you cause those who haven't received precepts to retreat from their Bodhi resolve, you are creating limitless bad karma. Although you are a left-home person, if you cannot be a true and good model for others, then you will let down your parents, teachers, the Buddhas, the Bodhisattvas, and the Way-place. After receiving the complete precepts, you have to eat what others cannot eat, take what others cannot take, be patient with what others cannot be patient, and yield what others cannot yield. It doesn't mean other people should follow your instructions. That would cause those who haven't brought forth their Bodhi mind to not do so, and those who have brought forth their Bodhi mind to retreat. If you make people retreat, then no matter what Dharma door you cultivate, you won't be successful. In the future, you will fall into the hells and undergo endless aeons of suffering. So, don't think that you are something great after you've received the complete precepts, and go around acting like a patriarch. This is a huge mistake.

　　Everyone says that the people at the City of Ten Thousand Buddhas are cultivators. But if you are always jealous and obstructive, with a ghost in your stomach, then you are simply coming here for the food, and passing the time until you die. So, from now on, we in the City should ask ourselves everyday, why did I come to the city? You have to be clear about your own position, and not only echo what others say. Don't be lazy and avoid your work, or pretend to be sick. If you are really sick, you can rest, but if you are only pretending to be sick, then you are acting like a scoundrel in Buddhism. You have to respect yourself. When there isn't much work to do in the Way-place, you can relax a bit, but you can't just go to sleep, or sit there posing as if you are meditating. This "meditation" is another name for laziness. When there is work to do, you don't join the others, but just sit there pretending to be an old cultivator. Real cultivators don't need to put on an act for others. Why must you show off to others? You are not cultivating for other people. You say you need meditation to cultivate, but at the City of Ten Thousand Buddhas, if nobody is meditating, you shouldn't either. You have to follow along with whatever people are doing and not do something special. Many people come to the City to join the meditation session but what they see is a sleeping session. The sleep demon hasn't been chased away yet. During a session, we must constantly strike up our spirits, sit upright and not let our heads drop down to sleep. If you sleep, you will be hit with the incense board. In a session, you cannot simply do whatever you like. Nobody should fall asleep. You have to get your spirits up and drive away the sleep demon.

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