明法尊者:《法句经》注 19、法住品
明法尊者:《法句经》注 19、法住品
256~257
256 Na tena hoti dhammattho, yen’ attham sahasa naye,
yo ca attham anatthabca, ubho niccheyya pandito.
[Na不] [tena它(中单具格)] [hoti变成(单3现)] [dhammattho存续于法(阳单主格, a.)],
[yen’所在之处] [attham事(中单业格)] [sahasa粗暴(adv.)] [naye引导(单3opt.)],
[yo凡是(阳单主格, rp.)] [ca及] [attham义利(中单业格)] [anatthab无义利(中单业格)] ca,
[ubho两者(业格, a.)] [niccheyya区别(单3opt.)] [pandito贤智者(阳单主格)].
256 卤莽处事故,不为法住者。智者应辨别──孰正与孰邪。
257 Asahasena dhammena, samena nayati pare,
dhammassa gutto medhavi, “dhammattho” ti pavuccati.
[Asahasena无粗暴(中单具格)] [dhammena法(阳单具格)],
[samena以平等(adv.)] [nayati引导(单3现, =nayati)] [pare其他诸人(阳複业格)],
[dhammassa法(阳单与格)] [gutto防护(阳单主格, pp.)] [medhavi有智(阳单主格, a.)],
“[dhammattho存续于法(阳单主格, a.)]” [ti这样(结尾语)] [pavuccati被彻底叫做(单3现)].
257 导人不卤莽,如法而公平,智者护于法,是名法住者。
258 Na tena pandito hoti, yavata bahu bhasati,
khemi averi abhayo “pandito” ti pavuccati.
[Na不] [tena它(中单具格)] [pandito贤智者(阳单主格)] [hoti变成(单3现)],
[yavata直到...为止(adv.)] [bahu多(adv.)] [bhasati说(单3现)],
[khemi安稳(阳单主格, a.)] [averi无怨(单主格, a.)] [abhayo无恐惧(阳单主格, a.)]
“pandito” [ti这样(结尾语)] [pavuccati被彻底叫做(单3现)].
258 不以多言故,彼即为智者。安静无怨怖,是名为智者。
259 Na tavata dhammadharo, yavata bahu bhasati,
yo ca appam pi sutvana, dhammam kayena passati,
sa ve dhammadharo hoti, yo dhammam nappamajjati. (cp. Dh258)
[Na不] [tavata因此(adv.)] [dhammadharo持法(阳单主格, a.)], [yavata直到...为止(adv.)] [bahu多(adv.)] [bhasati说(单3现)],
[yo凡是(阳单主格, rp.)] [ca但是] [appam少量(中单业格)] [pi即使...亦] [sutvana听到(ger.)],
[dhammam法(阳单业格)] [kayena身(阳单具格)] [passati看到(单3现)],
[sa他(阳单主格)] [ve确实] dhammadharo [hoti变成(单3现)],
[yo他(阳单主格, rp.)] [dhammam法(阳单业格>adv.)] [na不]p[pamajjati放逸(单3现)]. (cp. Dh258).
259 不以多言故,彼为持法者。彼虽闻少分,但由身见法 ,于法不放逸,是名持法者。
260~261
260 Na tena thero hoti, yen’ assa palitam siro,
paripakko vayo tassa, “moghajinno” ti vuccati.
[Na不] [tena它(中单具格)] [thero长老(阳单主格)] [hoti变成(单3现)],
[yen’所在之处] [assa他(阳单属格)] [palitam银白色(中单主格, a.)] [siro头(中单主格)],
[paripakko遍熟(阳单主格, pp.)] [vayo年龄(阳单主格)] [tassa他(阳单属格)],
“[mogha空虚(a.)][jinno老化(阳单主格, pp.)]” [ti这样(结尾语)] [vuccati被叫做(单3现)].
260 不因彼白头,即得为长老。彼年龄虚熟,徒有长老名。
261 Yamhi saccabca dhammo ca, ahimsa sabbamo damo,
sa ve vantamalo dhiro, “thero” ti pavuccati.
[Yamhi他(阳单处格, rp.)] [saccab真谛(中单主格)] [ca及] [dhammo法(阳单主格)] ca,
[ahimsa无伤害(阴单主格)] [sabbamo完全止息(阳单主格)] [damo调伏(中单主格, 不规则变化)],
[sa那个(阳单主格)] [ve确实] {[vanta吐出(pp.)][malo垢](阳单主格, a.)} [dhiro贤明者(阳单主格)],
“[thero长老(阳单主格)]” [ti这样(结尾语)] [pavuccati被彻底叫做(单3现)].
261 于彼具真实,具法 不杀生,节制并调伏,彼有智慧人。除灭诸垢秽,实名为长老。
262 Na vakkaranamattena, vannapokkharataya va,
sadhurupo naro hoti, issuki macchari satho.
[Na不] [vakkarana说话][mattena适量(阳单具格, a.)], [vannapokkharataya美貌如莲花(阴单具格)] [va或],
[sadhurupo形色妥善(阳单主格, a.)] [naro人(阳单主格)] [hoti变成(单3现)],
[issuki嫉妒(阳单主格, a.)] [macchari吝惜(阳单主格, a.)] [satho狡猾(阳单主格, a.)].
262 嫉.悭.虚伪者,虽以其辩才,或由相端严,不为善良人。
263 Yassa c’etam samucchinnam, mulaghaccam samuhatam,
sa vantadoso medhavi, “sadhurupo” ti vuccati. (cp. Dh250)
[Yassa凡是(阳单属格, rp.)] [c’但是] [etam这(中单主格)] [samucchinnam完全粉碎(中单主格, pp.)],
[mulaghaccam断绝根(中单主格, a.)] [samuhatam除去(中单主格, pp.)],
[sa他(阳单主格)] {[vanta吐出(pp.)][doso为难](阳单主格, a.)} [medhavi有智(阳单主格, a.)],
“[sadhurupo形色妥善(阳单主格, a.)]” [ti这样(结尾语)] [vuccati被叫做(单3现)].
263 若斩断此心,拔根及除灭,彼捨瞋智者,名为善良人。
264 Na mundakena samano, abbato alikam bhanam;
icchalobhasamapanno, samano kim bhavissati.
[Na不] [mundakena已被薙(ㄊㄧˋ)髮(阳单具格, a.)] [samano沙门(阳单主格)],
[abbato无禁制(阳单主格, a.)] [alikam虚伪(阳单业格, a.)] [bhanam说(阳单主格, ppr.)];
[iccha欲求][lobha贪][samapanno一起行(ㄒㄧㄥˊ)向(阳单主格, pp.)], samano [kim如何?] [bhavissati变成(单3未)].
264 若破戒妄语,削髮非沙门。充满欲与贪,云何为沙门?
265 Yo ca sameti papani, anumthulani sabbaso;
samitatta hi papanam, “samano” ti pavuccati.
[Yo凡是(阳单主格, rp.)] [ca但是] [sameti知(单3现)] [papani恶(中複业格)],
[anum小(中单业格, a.)] [thulani大(中複业格, a.)] [sabbaso一切(中单从格)];
[samitatta已被平息的状态(中单从格)] [hi确实] [papanam恶(中複属格)],
“[samano沙门(阳单主格)]” [ti这样(结尾语)] [pavuccati被彻底叫做(单3现)].
265 彼息灭诸恶──无论大与小,因息灭诸恶,故名为沙门。
266~267
266 Na tena bhikkhu hoti, yavata bhikkhate pare;
vissam dhammam samadaya, bhikkhu hoti na tavata.
(cf. S.7.20./I,182; 《杂阿含97经》,《别译杂阿含263经》)
[Na不] [tena它(中单具格)] [bhikkhu比丘(阳单主格)] [hoti变成(单3现)],
[yavata直到...为止(adv.)] [bhikkhate乞求(单3现﹐为自言)] [pare其他诸人(阳複业格)];
[vissam整部(阳单业格, a.)] [dhammam法(阳单业格)] [samadaya完全拿起(ger.)], bhikkhu hoti na [tavata因此(adv.)].
266 仅向他行乞,不即是比丘。行宗教法仪,亦不为比丘。
267 Yo ’dha pubbabca papabca, bahetva brahmacariyava,
savkhaya loke carati, sa ve “bhikkhu”ti vuccati. (cf. S.7.20./I,182; 《杂阿含97经》,《别译杂阿含263经》)
[Yo凡是(阳单主格, rp.)] [’dha在这裡(=idha)] [pubbab福(中单业格)] {ca [papab恶(中单业格)] ca及},
[bahetva排斥(ger.)] [brahmacariyava有梵行(阳单主格, a.)],
[savkhaya显露(ger.)] [loke世间(阳单处格)] [carati行(单3现)],
[sa他(阳单主格)] [ve确实] “[bhikkhu比丘(阳单主格)]”[ti这样(结尾语)] [vuccati被叫做(单3现)].
267 仅捨善与恶,修于梵行者,以知住此世 ,彼实名比丘。
268~269
268 Na monena muni hoti, mulharupo aviddasu;
Yo ca tulam va paggayha, varam adaya pandito.
[Na不] [monena缄默(中单具格)] [muni牟尼(阳单主格)] [hoti变成(单3现)],
[mulharupo形色已痴(阳单主格, a.)] [aviddasu无智(阳单主格, a.)];
[Yo他(阳单主格, rp.)] [ca但是] [tulam秤(ㄔㄥˋ)(阴单业格)] [va如] [paggayha彻底握持(ger.)],
[varam最好(单业格, a.)] [adaya拿起(ger.)] [pandito贤智者(阳单主格)].
268 愚昧无知者,不以默然故,而名为牟尼。智者如权衡 。
269 Papani parivajjeti, sa muni tena so muni;
yo munati ubho loke, “muni” tena pavuccati.
[Papani恶(中複业格, a.)] [parivajjeti迴避(单3现)],[sa那个(阳单主格)] [muni牟尼(阳单主格)] [tena它(中单具格)] [so他(阳单主格)] muni;
[yo凡是(阳单主格, rp.)] [munati知(单3现)] [ubho两者(业格, a.)] [loke世间(阳单处格)],
“muni” [tena它(中单具格)] [pavuccati被彻底叫做(单3现)].
269 捨恶取其善,乃得为牟尼。彼知于两界 ,故称为牟尼。
270 Na tena ariyo hoti, yena panani himsati;
ahimsa sabbapananam, “ariyo” ti pavuccati.
[Na不] [tena那个(中单具格)] [ariyo圣者(阳单主格)] [hoti变成(单3现)],
[yena那个(中单具格, rp.)] [panani生物(中複业格)] [himsati伤害(单3现)];
[ahimsa无伤害(阴单主格)] [sabba一切][pananam生物(阳複与格)], “ariyo” [ti这样(结尾语)] [pavuccati被彻底叫做(单3现)].
270 彼人非圣贤,以其杀生故。不害诸众生,是名为圣者。
271~272
271 Na silabbatamattena, bahusaccena va puna,
atha va samadhilabhena, viviccasayanena va.
[Na不] [silabbata习惯及禁制][mattena沉浸(单具格, pp.)], [bahusaccena听到众多(中单具格)] [va或] [puna再(indecl.)],
[atha然后] va [samadhi定][labhena得(阳单具格)], [vivicca远离(ger.)][sayanena卧(中单具格)] va.
271 不以戒律行,或由于多闻,或由证三昧,或由于独居,
272 Phusami nekkhammasukham, aputhujjanasevitam,
bhikkhu vissasamapadi appatto asavakkhayam.
[Phusami触(单1现)] [nekkhamma出离][sukham乐(中单业格)], [aputhujjana非普通人][sevitam亲近(阳单业格, pp.)],
[bhikkhu比丘(阳单呼格)] [vissasa信赖(阳单业格, =vissasam)][m不要(=ma)][apadi行(ㄒㄧㄥˊ)向(单3过)]
[appatto未得达(阳单主格, pp.)] [asavakkhayam灭尽诸流向(阳单业格)].
272 谓:「受出家乐 ,非凡夫所能」。汝等漏未尽,莫生保信想 !
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